- Cooperative
The cooperative in Indonesia was first established in 1896 by a Mayor in Purwokerto (Nasution, 1990). The establishment of a cooperative at that time was to protect the citizens from being trapped in loan sharks. Type of established cooperative was saving and loan cooperatives. This business entity developed into the agricultural sector cooperatives. Then in 1908 and 1911, Boedi Oetomo and Syarekat Islam advocated establishing a cooperative as a means of economic struggle at the time. After Indonesia gained its independence in 1945, the cooperative was explicitly incorporated as the basis of a nation-based economy based on article 33 paragraph one of the 1945 Constitution.
2. Science and Technology
Like many other developing countries, Indonesia is not yet considered a leading country in the world in the development of science and technology. However, throughout its history, there have been important achievements, and contributions made by Indonesia to science, and technology. Currently, the Ministry of Research and Technology is the official body in charge of science, and technology development in the country. In 2010, the Indonesian government has allocated Rp. 1.9 trillion (approximately $205 million) or less than 1 percent of the total state budget for research and development
3. Progress and Change
New generations are coming to the market in Indonesia and they are different in their behavior, in some ways. Mangers face a diversity of cultures when leading people in Indonesia and this is not an easy task. As an expat this comes in addition to the existing cultural differences and this makes it even more challenging. Basically, our job, as a cross-cultural consultant is to observe this, investigate on the changes and the impacts to business and work out solutions for your daily work to cope with the culture.
4. Activity and Work
Indonesia has a distinctive and unique work culture. Although this work culture may sometimes be difficult for foreigners to understand, it has nonetheless helped the country’s company stand out. Foreigners who understand this work culture will also be likely to succeed in Indonesia.
To adapt to Indonesian work culture, foreigners should consider the following:
- Learn the importance of learning and using the Indonesian language
- Understand the hierarchical culture of Indonesia
- Be ready to socialize with Indonesians
- Learn about the food of Indonesia
- Show proper values, morals, and ethics in front of employers and other citizens in Indonesia
- Always be punctual
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